| Contents |
Part one. Structural principles and compositional materials of twentieth century music. Tonality in transition. Common-practice tonality ; Disruptions of the tonic-dominant axis ; Irregular treatment of embellishing tones and the freeing of dissonance ; Experimental harmony and tonality -- Harmonic and motivic associations and the "Emancipation of dissonance". The role of the motive ; Harmonic relationships ; Types of harmonies -- Triadic harmony, diatonic collections, and tonality. Triads and triadic extensions ; Modality ; Tonality and atonality -- Serialism. The twelve-tone method ; Non-twelve-tone serialism ; Integral serialism -- Rhythm and meter. The emancipation of rhythm ; Systematic changes of tempo and meter: Berg, Ives, and Carter ; The rhythmic language of Messiaen ; Serialized rhythm -- Orchestration, tone color, and texture. Orchestration ; Tone color ; Texture -- Part two. Music from 1900 to 1945. Avant-garde composition in Germany and Austria. The progressive romantics ; Atonality ; Consolidation: the twelve-tone-method ; The expressionist musical theater -- Avant-garde composition in France and Russia. Symbolism and impressionism ; The French romantics ; Debussy, Satie, and Ravel ; The decline of the avant-garde ; The Russian avant-garde: the five and Scriabin ; Diaghilev, Stravinsky, Prokofiev, and Shostakovich -- Musical nationalism. The folk song arrangement ; Eastern Europe: Bartok, Kodaly, Janacek, and Szymanowski ; Scandinavia: Sibelius and Nielsen ; England: Vaughan Williams and Holst ; Spain: Manuel de Falla ; The new world -- Neoclassicism in France, Germany, and England. French neoclassicism: Stravinsky and the six ; German objectivity: Strauss and Hindemith ; Traditionalism in England: Britten and Tippett ; Popular music from the new world and the neoclassical style -- Neoclassicism and populism in American music. New directions ; Populist composers: Copland, Harris, Thomson, and Barber ; Neoclassicists: Piston, Sessions, Diamond, and others -- Experimental music in America. Composers in New England: Ives and Ruggles ; Composers on the west coast: Cowell, Cage, Harrison, and Partch ; Edgar Varese -- Part three. Music from 1945 to the present. The revival of the avant-garde. Atonality and serialism in America ; Serialism in Europe: Stockhausesn and Boulez ; Textural composition and the transformation of serialism -- Indeterminacy. Indeterminacy in America: Cage, Feldman, Brown, and Wolff ; Indeterminacy in Europe: Boulez, Stockhausen, Berio, and Lutoslawski -- Electronic music. Musique concrete ; Pure electronic music ; Recorded music with electronic and concrete sounds ; Live performance with taped sounds ; Live electronic music ; Recent developments -- Eclecticism. Olivier Messiaen ; Peter Maxwell Davies ; George Rochberg ; George Crumb ; Berio, Penderecki, and Henze ; Schnittke and Gubaidulina -- Recent music in Europe and America. Minimalism ; A search for the known ; Theater ; Interactions with rock ; Epilogue. |
