Murray & Nadel's textbook of respiratory medicine / editor-in-chief, V. Courtney Broaddus, MD, John F. Murray Distinguished Professor of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, Chief, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California ; editors, Robert J. Mason, MD, Cetelie & Marcel Weiss Chair in Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, Professor of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver Health Services, Aurora, Colorado, Joel D. Ernst, MD, Director, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Jeffrey Bergstein Professor of Medicine, Professor of Medicine, Pathology and Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, Talmadge E. King Jr., MD, Julius R. Krevans Distinguished Professorship in Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, Stephen C. Lazarus, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Director, Training Program in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Associate Director, Adult Pulmonary Laboratory, Senior Investigator, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, John F. Murray, MD, FRCP, DSc (Hon), Professor Emeritus, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, Jay A. Nadel, MD, MD, FRCP, DSc (Hon), DLaw (Hon), Professor of Medicine, Physiology, and Radiology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, Arthur S. Slutsky, MD, Kenan Chair in Medicine, Professor of Medicine, Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Vice President (Research), St. Michael's Hospital, Kenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada ; thoracic imaging editor, Michael B. Gotway, MD, Professor of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, Clinical Associate Professor, Diagnostic Radiology/Biomedical Imaging and Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, Clincal Professor, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, Adjunct Professor, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona.