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003 OCoLC;

005 20190131023442.0;

006 m o d ;

007 cr unu||||||||;

008 181015s2018 ncua obm 000 0 eng d;

035 a| (Sirsi) o1056953871;

035 a| (OCoLC)1056953871;

049 a| EREE;

090 a| RC896;

100 1 a| Maurizio, Ciro,e| author.?| UNAUTHORIZED;

245 10 a| Environmental development of the external genitalia /c| by Ciro Maurizio.;

264 1 a| [Greenville, N.C.] :b| [East Carolina University],c| 2018.;

300 a| 151 pages :b| color illustrations;

336 a| textb| txt2| rdacontent;

337 a| computerb| c2| rdamedia;

338 a| online resourceb| cr2| rdacarrier;

347 a| text fileb| PDFc| 2.164 MB2| rda;

538 a| System requirements: Adobe Reader.;

538 a| Mode of access: World Wide Web.;

502 b| Ph. D.c| East Carolina Universityd| 2018;

500 a| Presented to the faculty of the Interdisciplinary Doctoral Program in Biological Sciences.;

500 a| Advisor: Krista Ann-Marie McCoy;

500 a| Title from PDF t.p. (viewed January 30, 2019).;

520 3 a| Hypospadias is one of the most common birth defects in the world. The incidence of hypospadias has nearly doubled over the past 50 years and now occurs on average in 1 in 125 male newborns each year. Hypospadias is a malformation of the penis where the urethra does not exit at the distal tip, but rather ventrally along the shaft of the penis. The severity of hypospadias depends on the amount of preputial swelling closure, the urethral exit, and the overall shape of the penis. The presence of anti-androgenic and estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment is strongly linked with hypospadias incidence and severity. Still very little is known about the basic biology of penis development, how EDCs perturb normal development, and in-turn there are no known prenatal preventative treatments to protect the developing fetus from EDC exposure and abnormal penis development. In this dissertation I first review the basic biology of penis development. Then using geometric morphometrics I investigate the impact of the anti-androgen, vinclozolin, on morphological changes in the external genitalia. Based on where EDCs impacted penis development the most I then developed a quantitative scoring system to efficiently analyze variation in penis development. The scoring system then was implemented to investigate the temporal and endocrinological drivers of hypospadias severity. Lastly, I used the basic biological information gained to investigate a potential prenatal preventative to protect the developing fetus from EDCs.;

504 a| Includes bibliographical references.;

650 0 a| Penisx| Abnormalities.=| ^A1374129;

650 0 a| Hypospadias.=| ^A1374113;

653 a| Endocrine Disruption;

653 a| Hormone;

655 7 a| Academic theses.2| lcgft;

700 1 a| McCoy, Krista,e| degree supervisor.?| UNAUTHORIZED;

710 2 a| East Carolina University.b| Department of Biology.=| ^A637467;

856 40 z| Access via ScholarShipu| http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6989;

949 o| wjh;

994 a| C0b| ERE;

596 a| 1 4;

998 a| 4931023;

999 a| CLICK ON WEB ADDRESSw| ASISc| 1i| 4931023-1001l| JNETm| JOYNERr| Ys| Yt| JNE3ETDu| 10/15/2018x| ETDz| JERESOURCE;

999 a| CLICK ON WEB ADDRESSw| ASISc| 1i| 4931023-2001l| HSLELECm| HSLr| Ys| Yt| HEETDu| 10/15/2018x| ETDz| HERESOURCE;

Environmental development of the external genitalia / by Ciro Maurizio.

Author/creator	Maurizio, Ciro author.
Other author	McCoy, Krista, degree supervisor.
Other author	East Carolina University. Department of Biology.
Format	Theses and dissertations
Publication	[Greenville, N.C.] : [East Carolina University], 2018.
Description	151 pages : color illustrations
Supplemental Content	Access via ScholarShip
Subjects	Penis--Abnormalities. Hypospadias.

Summary	Hypospadias is one of the most common birth defects in the world. The incidence of hypospadias has nearly doubled over the past 50 years and now occurs on average in 1 in 125 male newborns each year. Hypospadias is a malformation of the penis where the urethra does not exit at the distal tip, but rather ventrally along the shaft of the penis. The severity of hypospadias depends on the amount of preputial swelling closure, the urethral exit, and the overall shape of the penis. The presence of anti-androgenic and estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment is strongly linked with hypospadias incidence and severity. Still very little is known about the basic biology of penis development, how EDCs perturb normal development, and in-turn there are no known prenatal preventative treatments to protect the developing fetus from EDC exposure and abnormal penis development. In this dissertation I first review the basic biology of penis development. Then using geometric morphometrics I investigate the impact of the anti-androgen, vinclozolin, on morphological changes in the external genitalia. Based on where EDCs impacted penis development the most I then developed a quantitative scoring system to efficiently analyze variation in penis development. The scoring system then was implemented to investigate the temporal and endocrinological drivers of hypospadias severity. Lastly, I used the basic biological information gained to investigate a potential prenatal preventative to protect the developing fetus from EDCs.
General note	Presented to the faculty of the Interdisciplinary Doctoral Program in Biological Sciences.
General note	Advisor: Krista Ann-Marie McCoy
General note	Title from PDF t.p. (viewed January 30, 2019).
Dissertation note	Ph. D. East Carolina University 2018
Bibliography note	Includes bibliographical references.
Technical details	System requirements: Adobe Reader.
Technical details	Mode of access: World Wide Web.
Genre/form	Academic theses.

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