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Intro -- Sustainable Biochar for Water and Wastewater Treatment -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- About the editors -- Chapter 1: Comprehensive biomass characterization in preparation for conversion -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Biomass conversion processes -- 3. Biomass properties in preparation for biological conversion -- 3.1. Biomass characterization in preparation for bioethanol production -- 3.2. Characterization of biomass in preparation for biodiesel production -- 3.3. Characterization of biomass in preparation for biogas production |
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4. Biomass properties in preparation for thermochemical conversion -- 4.1. Heating value analysis -- 4.2. Proximate analysis -- 4.3. Ultimate analysis -- 4.4. Eutectic point analysis for biomass -- 4.5. Other biomass characterization processes -- 4.5.1. Bulk density -- 4.5.2. Particle density -- 4.5.3. Particle size distribution (PSD) -- 4.5.4. Angle of repose -- 4.5.5. Angle of friction -- 4.5.6. Heat capacity and thermal conductivity of biomass -- 5. Conclusion -- Questions and problems -- References -- Chapter 2: Biomass carbonization technologies -- 1. Introduction |
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2. Char physicochemical properties -- 3. Effect of operational variables on the yield and quality of charcoal -- 3.1. Effect of temperature -- 3.2. Effect of ash content -- 3.3. Effect of acids -- 3.4. Effect of heating rate -- 3.5. Effect of pressure -- 4. Carbonization reactions -- 5. Equipment for carbonization processes -- 5.1. The ``classical ́́methods for charcoal production -- 5.1.1. Kilns for wood carbonization -- Earth kilns -- Brick, concrete, and metal kilns -- Brick and concrete kilns -- Metal kilns -- 5.1.2. Retorts to produce charcoal -- 5.2. Charcoal as by-product |
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5.2.1. Auger pyrolysis and rotary drum reactors -- Auger pyrolysis reactor -- Rotary drum reactors -- 5.2.2. Flash (high-pressure) pyrolysis reactors -- 5.2.3. Fast pyrolysis reactors -- 5.2.4. Solar pyrolysis reactors -- 5.3. Other types of charcoal for environmental remediation and other uses -- 5.3.1. By-product gasification chars from commercial gasification plants -- 5.3.2. Intermediate gasification chars from CHP systems -- 5.3.3. Chars from hydrothermal carbonization -- 6. Conclusions -- Questions and problems -- Acknowledgment -- References |
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Chapter 3: Physicochemical characterization of biochar derived from biomass -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Thermal conversion processes for the production of biochar -- 3. Physical properties of biochar -- 3.1. Particle density -- 3.2. Bulk or apparent density -- 3.3. Particle size and particle size distribution (PSD) -- 3.4. Angle of repose -- 3.5. Angle of friction -- 3.6. Heat capacity and thermal conductivity of biochar -- 4. Important thermal related properties -- 4.1. Proximate analysis -- 4.1.1. Moisture content (MC) -- 4.1.2. Volatile combustible matter (VCM) -- 4.1.3. Fixed carbon (FC) and ash |
| Access restriction | Available only to authorized users. |
| Technical details | Mode of access: World Wide Web |
| Genre/form | Electronic books. |
| LCCN | 2023177568 |
| ISBN | 9780128222256 |
| ISBN | 0128222255 |
